70  How do add a bean in spring application?

        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
        <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
        <beans>
                <bean id="foo" class="com.act.Foo"/>
                <bean id="bar" class="com.act.Bar"/>
        </beans>

71.  What are singleton beans and how can you create prototype beans?

Beans defined in spring framework are singleton beans. There is an attribute in bean tag named ‘singleton’ if specified true then bean becomes singleton and if set to false then the bean becomes a prototype bean. By default it is set to true. So, all the beans in spring framework are by default singleton beans.

        <beans>
           <bean id="bar" class="com.act.Foo" singleton=”false”/>
        </beans>

72 .  What are the important beans lifecycle methods?

There are two important bean lifecycle methods. The first one is setup which is called when the bean is loaded in to the container. The second method is the teardown method which is called when the bean is unloaded from the container.

73 . How can you override beans default lifecycle methods?

The bean tag has two more important attributes with which you can define your own custom initialization and destroy methods. Here I have shown a small demonstration. Two new methods fooSetup and fooTeardown are to be added to your Foo class.

        <beans>
          <bean id="bar" class="com.act.Foo" init-method=”fooSetup” destroy=”fooTeardown”/>
        </beans>

74 .  What are Inner Beans?

When wiring beans, if a bean element is embedded to a property tag directly, then that bean is said to the Inner Bean. The drawback of this bean is that it cannot be reused anywhere else.

75. What are the different types of bean injections?

There are two types of bean injections.

• By setter
• By constructor

76. What is Auto wiring?

You can wire the beans as you wish. But spring framework also does this work for you. It can auto wire the related beans together. All you have to do is just set the autowire attribute of bean tag to an autowire type.

        <beans>
          <bean id="bar" class="com.act.Foo" Autowire=”autowire type”/>
        </beans>

77 . What are different types of Autowire types?

There are four different types by which autowiring can be done.

• byName
• byType
• constructor
• autodetect

78. What are the different types of events related to Listeners?

There are a lot of events related to ApplicationContext of spring framework. All the events are subclasses of org.springframework.context.Application-Event. They are

• ContextClosedEvent – This is fired when the context is closed.
• ContextRefreshedEvent – This is fired when the context is initialized or refreshed.
• RequestHandledEvent – This is fired when the web context handles any request.

79. What is an Aspect?

An aspect is the cross-cutting functionality that you are implementing. It is the aspect of your application you are modularizing. An example of an aspect is logging. Logging is something that is required throughout an application. However, because applications tend to be broken down into layers based on functionality, reusing a logging module through inheritance does not make sense. However, you can create a logging aspect and apply it throughout your application using AOP.